Jiuquan, with a total area of 192,000 square kilometers, occupies 42 percent of Gansu province. It comprises one district (Suzhou), two cities (Yumen and Dunhuang), and four counties (Jinta, Guazhou, Subei, and Aksay). 

The city is home to over 40 ethnic groups. According to the municipal statistics bureau of Jiuquan, by the end of 2025, the urban resident population of the city reached 1.05 million. The urbanization rate of the resident population reached 69.21 percent — an increase of 0.96 percentage points compared to the previous year.